Structure of Bacterial Cell

All Bacteria have :

• Cell membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Ribosomes
• Nucleoid or chromatin material

Most of Bacteria have :

• Cell wall

Some bacteria have special structures which are :

• Capsule
• Slime
• Flagella
• Pili
• Fimbrae
• Granules

Size of Bacteria : 

• The size and shape of bacteria vary in different bacteria.Its size is from 0.1um to 600 micrnmeter over a single dimension.
• The smallest bacteria like some members of mycoplasma are 100 to 200 nanometer in diameter.Its size is equal to the size of largest virus (pox virus).
• Some spirochete ( spiral bacteria) sometimes reach 500 micronmeter in length.
• Escherchia coli has an average size of 1.1 to 1.5um wide and .0 to 6.0um in length.
• Streptococci and Staphylococci are 0.75um to 1.25um long.

Recently a huge bacterium has been discovered from the intestine of a sturgeon fish,Acanthurus nigrofuscus,it is named as Epulopiscium fishlesoni.It grows 600/80 um.It is little smaller then the printed hyphen.It is now clear that some bacteria are larger than the average eukaryotic cell.